2.10+Blood+Products

Blood Products

After donation, every blood sample is tested for the follwing viruses: HIV 1 and 2 (human immune deficiency virus HTVL I and II (human T-cell lymphotropic virus) Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Syphilis The donated blood is separated into three components - red blood cells, platelets and plasma. This is done by spinning in a centrifuge at different speeds to separate each component. Further products are then extracted from the plasma and are used to treat patients with different conditions.

|| Composition || Use in body || Reason for product to be given to patient || || Factor VIII or factor IX || clots are used to prevent bleeding in cuts/abraisions etc. they cover the wound so that healing can occur || Given to prevent bleeding and bleeding-related complications in people with hemophilia A or B. ** It is also given to people with a disease that prevents their blood clotting, such as haemophilia. ** || || Mixture of proteins – act as antibodies || Fights infection as the last line of defense - after skin/orifices and leukocytes || Immunodeficiency disease such as HIV/AIDS || || 90% water and other substances carried in solution (proteins, blood cells, nutrients) || plasma is used to carry red and white blood cells, platelets and other things. it circulates through the body under pressure by the heart || Although whole plasma is not usually used in transfusions "fresh frozen plasma" may be used to treat some bleeding disorders in which clotting factors are needed. || || Fragments of cells made in bone marrow || circulate in the blood of mammals and are involved in haemostasis, leading to the formation of blood clots. || Platelets are usually given to people with different forms of cancer, leukemia and other bone marrow disorders as chemotherapy destroys platelets meaning that the patient needs a to be given extra platelets. || || Contain haemoglobin || oxygen attaches to it and is then transported around the body via the haemoglobin, attached to the red blood cell. Can be stored for up to 42 days and can be frozen for up to 10 years. || Red blood cells are used to help treat anemia or acute blood loss, they help to carry oxygen from the lungs to the tissues. || * stored || transfusions - to replace whole blood - massive trauma, internal bleeding, hypovolaemia, amputations etc || || There are five types of leukocytes: neutrophil, eosinophil, basophil, monocyte and lymphocytes. || White blood cells are part of the immune system which defend the body against infectious disease and foreign materials || Low white cell count, serious bacterial infections. || || ||  ||  ||
 * Product
 * Concentrate of clotting factor
 * Immunoglobulins
 * Fresh frozen plasma
 * Platelets
 * Red cells
 * Whole blood
 * fresh || 20 different products which can be used ||
 * white blood cells